Each page on the device is called a card, and should contain an id, and a title attribute. A WML document may consist of a single card, or multiple cards.

Linking Cards

The id attribute is used to identify the name of the card to link to. There are three ways of specifying a link to another card. An absolute link contains the full path to the page, and is typically used to link to other WAP sites. A relative link contains the name of the WML file, either in the same directory, or with the relative path from the current directory. For WML documents that contain more than one card, you can provide an in-document link, which uses the card id to locate the card. The first set of examples use the a element to produce the link. The anchor element is introduced at the end of this page.

Absolute Link

Relative Link

In-Document Link

Relative Link to a Particular Card

The following example is a WML document that contains three cards with in-document links to navigate between the cards.

links.wml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.1//EN"
    "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml">
<wml>
<card id="index" title="Index Page">
<p>
    <a href="#first">First Link</a><br/>
    <a href="#second">Second Link</a><br/>
    <a href="#third">Third Link</a>
</p>
</card>
<card id="first" title="First Card">
<p>
    This is the first card.<br/>
    <a href="#index">Back to Index</a>
</p>
</card>
<card id="second" title="Second Card">
<p>
    This is the second card.<br/>
    <a href="#index">Back to Index</a>
</p>
</card>
<card id="third" title="Third Card">
<p>
    This is the third card.<br/>
    <a href="#index">Back to Index</a>
</p>
</card>
</wml>

Output From Program

The following shows the original page, following the link to the first card.

The anchor Element

The anchor element extends the a element to perform a go, prev, or refresh refresh task. We'll use the refresh element later when we start to use variables in WMLScript. The go element is used to specify the URI, and the prev element is used to return to the previous page. The prev element is particularly useful, as it if there were several ways to end up at the page, they're always taken back to the page they come from. The following example is the previous example re-written to use anchor element.

anchor.wml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE wml PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.1//EN"
    "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml_1.1.xml">
<wml>
<card id="index" title="Index Page">
<p>
    <anchor>First Link<go href="#first"/></anchor><br/>
    <anchor>Second Link<go href="#second"/></anchor><br/>
    <anchor>Third Link<go href="#third"/></anchor>
</p>
</card>
<card id="first" title="First Card">
<p>
    This is the first card.<br/>
    <anchor>Back to Index<prev/></anchor>
</p>
</card>
<card id="second" title="Second Card">
<p>
    This is the second card.<br/>
    <anchor>Back to Index<prev/></anchor>
</p>
</card>
<card id="third" title="Third Card">
<p>
    This is the third card.<br/>
    <anchor>Back to Index<prev/></anchor>
</p>
</card>
</wml>

The output of running the above program is exactly the same as the previous program.